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References

  1. Parish, S. J., & Clayton, A. H. (2017). Hypoactive sexual desire disorder: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(1), 114–128. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619616305961
  2. ScienceDirect. (n.d.). Melanotan II. In Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/melanotan-ii
  3. Hadley, M. E. (2005). Discovery that a melanocortin regulates sexual functions in male and female humans. Peptides, 26(10), 1687-1689. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15996790/
  4. Wessells, H., Levine, N., Hadley, M. E., Dorr, R., & Hruby, V. (2000). Melanocortin receptor agonists, penile erection, and sexual motivation: Human studies with Melanotan II. International Journal of Impotence Research, 12 (Suppl 4), S74-S79. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11035391/
  5. Wessells, H., Gralnek, D., Dorr, R., Hruby, V. J., Hadley, M. E., & Levine, N. (2000). Effect of an alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology, 56(4), 641-646. 
  6. Shand, G., & Oakley, A. (2015). Melanotan II. DermNet NZ. Retrieved October 5, 2025, fromhttps://dermnetnz.org/topics/melanotan-ii#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20noted%20across
  7. Clayton, A. H., Parish, S. J., Goldfischer, E. R., Guhr, G., Pyzer, A. R., Paine, R., & Guo, W. (2022). Review of pathophysiology, clinical effects, and therapeutic development of bremelanotide for female sexual interest/arousal disorder. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 10(1), 138-151. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8788464/